Current Issue : April - June Volume : 2020 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 5 Articles
Background: Sudden unexpected death of epilepsy (SUDEP) is a severe outcome of epilepsy. This study aimed to\nreport the clinical and pathological findings in patients with SUDEP.\nMethods: The record of patients with sudden death was screened. When the reason of death matched with the\ndefinition of SUDEP, the clinical and pathological data were analyzed. Eleven patients with SUDEP were included in\nthe study.\nResults: Eight patients died after a generalized tonic-clonic seizure, seizures were induced by emotional changes in\nfive patients, four cases were found dead in bed. Carbamazepine was prescribed in six patients. The autopsy\nshowed brain edema and pulmonary edema in all eleven patients. Loss of neurons and gliosis were presented in\nsome brains of SUDEP subjects. The main pathological changes in SUDEP include brain edema, pulmonary edema,\nloss of neurons and gliosis.\nConclusions: Risk factors for SUDEP in the study are generalized tonic-clonic seizure, emotional disturbance and\ncarbamazepine treatment....
Background: The goal of this study was to further investigate the clinical effectiveness of the T-SPOT.TB test in\ndiagnosing tuberculosis (TB), including the effects of T-SPOT.TB test on evaluating diverse TB types and locations.\nMethods: We collected 20,332 specimens from patients suspected to have TB. Afterwards, we performed an\nintegrative analysis of T-SPOT.TB results and clinical diagnoses, and evaluated the composition ratio and positive\ndetection rate of the T-SPOT.TB test in various age groups, sample types, and hospital departments. In addition, we\ncompared the spot number and composition rate between latent TB infection (LTBI), active TB infection, and old TB\ninfection groups. The active TB group was then further divided into pulmonary TB (PTB), pulmonary and extrapulmonary\nTB (PETB), and extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) subgroups, and we evaluated whether there were statistical differences in spot\nnumber and composition rate between subgroups.\nResults: Positive results from the T-SPOT.TB test were found across different age groups, specimen types, and hospital\ndepartments. Elderly patient groups, pleural effusion samples, and thoracic surgery departments showed the highest rates\nof positivity. There were no statistically significant differences in spot number of CFP-10 and ESAT-6 wells between disease\ngroups or active TB subgroups. The composition rate, however, was significantly different when ESAT-6 and CFP-10 wells\nwere double-positive. The spot number and composition rate were statistically different between the three disease\ngroups, but showed no significant differences between the three subgroups of active TB.\nConclusions: The results of T-SPOT. TB test showed differences in LTBI, active TB and old TB. Additionally, a higher spot\nnumber level was observed in the active TB group....
Alzheimerâ??s disease (AD)-related amyloid Beta-peptide (ABeta) pathology in the form of amyloid plaques and cerebral\namyloid angiopathy (CAA) spreads in its topographical distribution, increases in quantity, and undergoes qualitative\nchanges in its composition of modified ABeta species throughout the pathogenesis of AD. It is not clear which of\nthese aspects of ABeta pathology contribute to AD progression and to what extent amyloid positron emission\ntomography (PET) reflects each of these aspects. To address these questions three cohorts of human autopsy cases\n(in total n = 271) were neuropathologically and biochemically examined for the topographical distribution of ABeta\npathology (plaques and CAA), its quantity and its composition. These parameters were compared with\nneurofibrillary tangle (NFT) and neuritic plaque pathology, the degree of dementia and the results from\n[18F]flutemetamol amyloid PET imaging in cohort 3. All three aspects of ABeta pathology correlated with one another,\nthe estimation of ABeta pathology by [18F]flutemetamol PET, AD-related NFT pathology, neuritic plaques, and with the\ndegree of dementia. These results show that one aspect of ABeta pathology can be used to predict the other two,\nand correlates well with the development of dementia, advancing NFT and neuritic plaque pathology. Moreover,\namyloid PET estimates all three aspects of ABeta pathology in-vivo. Accordingly, amyloid PET-based estimates for\nstaging of amyloid pathology indicate the progression status of amyloid pathology in general and, in doing so, also\nof AD pathology. Only 7.75% of our cases deviated from this general association....
Mature cystic teratomas are the most common ovarian germ cell tumour and account for 10â??20% of all ovarian neoplasms. Malignant\ntransformation of mature cystic teratomas is rare and has an incidence rate of less than 1%. The most common malignancy are\nsquamous cell carcinomas. Here we present the case of an intestinal adenocarcinoma which is an exceedingly rare malignant entity\narising within a mature cystic teratoma. Clinical presentation, imaging and histopathological diagnosis are discussed and previously\npresented cases in the literature reviewed....
Background: A bacteremia diagnosis with speeded-up identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) is\nmandatory to adjust empirical broad-spectrum antibiotherapy and avoid the emergence of multi-resistant bacteria.\nAlfred 60AST (Alifax, Polverara, PD, Italy) is an innovative automated system based on light scattering measurements\nallowing direct AST from positive blood cultures with rapid results. In this study we aimed to evaluate the systemâ??s\nperformances and turnaround time (TAT) compared to routine AST.\nMethods: The study was conducted during 2 non-consecutive 3-month periods at the microbiology laboratory of\nthe Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc. All blood cultures detected positive in the 0 AM-10 AM time frame with a\npure Gram-positive cocci or Gram-negative bacilli stain were included for Alfred 60AST testing. Two customized\nEUCAST antibiotic panels were set up composed of 1) a â??Gram-negativeâ? panel including cefuroxime, ceftazidime\nEnterobacteriaceae, piperacillin-tazobactam Enterobacteriaceae, ciprofloxacine, and ceftazidime Pseudomonas 2) a\nâ??Gram-positiveâ? panel including cefoxitin Staphylococcus aureus, cefoxitin coagulase-negative (CNS) Staphylococci\nand ampicillin Enterococci. Categorical agreement (CA), very major errors (VME), major errors (ME), minor errors (mE)\nand TAT to Alfred 60AST results were calculated in comparison with AST results obtained from direct testing on\npositive blood cultures with the Phoenix system (Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA).\nResults: Five hundred seventy and one hundred nine antibiotics were evaluated on respectively 166 Gram-negative\nbacilli and 109 Gram-positive cocci included in the studied population. During the first study period regarding\nGram-negative strains a CA of 89.5% was obtained with a high rate of VME (19 and 15.4% respectively) for\ncefuroxime and piperacillin-tazobactam Enterobacteriaceae. Considering this, Alifax reviewed these antibioticsâ??\nformulations improving Gram-negative bacilli total CA to 92.2% with no VME during the second study period. For\nGram-positive cocci, total CA was 88.1% with 2.3% VME, 13.8% ME (mainly cefoxitin CNS) and 12% mE rates both\nstudy periods combined. Median TAT to AST results was 5 h with Alfred versus 12 h34 with Phoenix....
Loading....